diff --git a/app/backend/tests/unit-logic.test.mjs b/app/backend/tests/unit-logic.test.mjs
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+++ b/app/backend/tests/unit-logic.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+
+function cleanText(value) {
+  return String(value ?? '')
+    .replace(/<[^>]+>/g, ' ')
+    .replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
+    .trim();
+}
+
+function truncateText(value, max) {
+  const text = cleanText(value);
+  return text.length > max ? text.slice(0, Math.max(0, max - 1)).trim() : text;
+}
+
+function internalLinkCount(content) {
+  return (content.match(/href=["']\/(?:article|topics|category|series|author)\//g) ?? []).length;
+}
+
+function hasPlaceholderContent(content) {
+  return /placeholder|lorem|در دسترس است|به‌زودی|بزودی|نمونه محتوا|متن آزمایشی/i.test(content);
+}
+
+function publishQualityIssues(article) {
+  const checks = {
+    titleLength: article.title.length >= 20 && article.title.length <= 100,
+    metaDescription: !!article.metaDescription && article.metaDescription.length >= 80 && article.metaDescription.length <= 160,
+    canonicalPath: !!article.canonicalPath && article.canonicalPath.startsWith('/article/'),
+    ogImage: !!article.ogImage && !/^https?:\/\//i.test(article.ogImage),
+    category: !!article.category?.slug,
+    internalLinks: internalLinkCount(article.content) >= 2,
+    noPlaceholder: !hasPlaceholderContent(article.content),
+    noRemoteImages: !(article.content.match(/<img[^>]+src=["'](https?:\/\/|\/\/)/gi) ?? []).length,
+    sourceNotes: !!article.sourceNotes?.trim(),
+    factChecked: !!article.factCheckedAt,
+  };
+  return Object.entries(checks).filter(([, ok]) => !ok).map(([key]) => key);
+}
+
+function completeSeoData(input) {
+  const tags = (input.tags ?? []).filter(Boolean);
+  const keywords = input.keywords?.length
+    ? input.keywords
+    : [...new Set([input.category?.name, input.category?.slug, input.type, ...tags, input.title].filter(Boolean))].slice(0, 12);
+  const description = truncateText(input.metaDescription || input.summary || input.content, 158);
+  const now = new Date();
+  return {
+    metaDescription: description,
+    keywords,
+    ogTitle: input.ogTitle?.trim() || `${truncateText(input.title, 84)} | تکنـاو`,
+    ogDescription: truncateText(input.ogDescription || description, 280),
+    ogImage: input.ogImage?.trim() || `/images/og/${input.slug}.jpg`,
+    canonicalPath: input.canonicalPath?.trim() || `/article/${input.slug}`,
+    sourceNotes: input.sourceNotes?.trim() || `یادداشت منابع و راستی‌آزمایی این مقاله در پنل تحریریه تکنـاو ثبت شده است. دسته: ${input.category?.name ?? 'فناوری'}.`,
+    factCheckedAt: input.factCheckedAt ?? now,
+    dateModified: input.dateModified ?? now,
+    contentFreshnessStatus: input.contentFreshnessStatus ?? 'current',
+  };
+}
+
+function normalizeFa(input) {
+  return input
+    .replace(/[\u200c\u0640]/g, '')
+    .replace(/[\u064b-\u0652]/g, '')
+    .replace(/[يى]/g, 'ی')
+    .replace(/ك/g, 'ک')
+    .replace(/[أإآٱ]/g, 'ا')
+    .replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
+    .trim()
+    .toLowerCase();
+}
+
+function computeStreak(streakCount, lastReadAt, now) {
+  if (!lastReadAt) return 1;
+  const lastDate = new Date(lastReadAt);
+  lastDate.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
+  const today = new Date(now);
+  today.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
+  const diffDays = Math.floor((today.getTime() - lastDate.getTime()) / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));
+  if (diffDays === 1) return streakCount + 1;
+  if (diffDays > 1) return 1;
+  return streakCount;
+}
+
+function currentStreakIfAlive(streakCount, lastReadAt, now) {
+  if (!lastReadAt) return 0;
+  const lastDate = new Date(lastReadAt);
+  lastDate.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
+  const today = new Date(now);
+  today.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
+  const diffDays = Math.floor((today.getTime() - lastDate.getTime()) / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));
+  if (diffDays > 1) return 0;
+  return streakCount;
+}
+
+describe('cleanText', () => {
+  it('strips HTML tags and collapses whitespace', () => {
+    assert.equal(cleanText('<p>Hello  <b>world</b></p>'), 'Hello world');
+  });
+  it('handles null/undefined', () => {
+    assert.equal(cleanText(null), '');
+    assert.equal(cleanText(undefined), '');
+  });
+  it('trims the result', () => {
+    assert.equal(cleanText('  hello  '), 'hello');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('truncateText', () => {
+  it('returns text unchanged when within limit', () => {
+    assert.equal(truncateText('hello', 10), 'hello');
+  });
+  it('truncates to max-1 and trims', () => {
+    assert.equal(truncateText('abcdefghij', 5), 'abcd');
+  });
+  it('handles zero max', () => {
+    assert.equal(truncateText('hello', 0), '');
+  });
+  it('strips HTML before truncating', () => {
+    assert.equal(truncateText('<p>abcdef</p>', 4), 'abc');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('internalLinkCount', () => {
+  it('counts internal links', () => {
+    assert.equal(internalLinkCount('<a href="/article/x">1</a><a href="/article/y">2</a>'), 2);
+  });
+  it('counts topic/category/series/author links', () => {
+    assert.equal(internalLinkCount('<a href="/topics/ai">t</a><a href="/category/s">c</a><a href="/series/s1">s</a><a href="/author/a">a</a>'), 4);
+  });
+  it('ignores external links', () => {
+    assert.equal(internalLinkCount('<a href="https://example.com">ext</a>'), 0);
+  });
+  it('returns 0 for empty content', () => {
+    assert.equal(internalLinkCount(''), 0);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('hasPlaceholderContent', () => {
+  it('detects "placeholder"', () => {
+    assert.equal(hasPlaceholderContent('This is placeholder text'), true);
+  });
+  it('detects "lorem"', () => {
+    assert.equal(hasPlaceholderContent('lorem ipsum dolor sit amet'), true);
+  });
+  it('detects Persian placeholders', () => {
+    assert.equal(hasPlaceholderContent('این محتوا به‌زودی اضافه می‌شود'), true);
+    assert.equal(hasPlaceholderContent('بزودی'), true);
+    assert.equal(hasPlaceholderContent('نمونه محتوا'), true);
+    assert.equal(hasPlaceholderContent('متن آزمایشی'), true);
+  });
+  it('returns false for real content', () => {
+    assert.equal(hasPlaceholderContent('هوش مصنوعی تحولی در صنعت فناوری ایجاد کرده است'), false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('publishQualityIssues', () => {
+  const baseArticle = {
+    title: 'A'.repeat(50),
+    content: '<a href="/article/x">1</a><a href="/article/y">2</a>Real content here.',
+    metaDescription: 'A'.repeat(120),
+    canonicalPath: '/article/test-article',
+    ogImage: '/images/og/test.jpg',
+    category: { slug: 'ai' },
+    sourceNotes: 'Verified sources',
+    factCheckedAt: new Date(),
+  };
+
+  it('returns empty array for a fully valid article', () => {
+    assert.deepEqual(publishQualityIssues(baseArticle), []);
+  });
+  it('detects title too short', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, title: 'Short' }).includes('titleLength'));
+  });
+  it('detects title too long', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, title: 'A'.repeat(101) }).includes('titleLength'));
+  });
+  it('detects missing metaDescription', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, metaDescription: null }).includes('metaDescription'));
+  });
+  it('detects invalid canonicalPath', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, canonicalPath: '/blog/test' }).includes('canonicalPath'));
+  });
+  it('detects CDN ogImage', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, ogImage: 'https://cdn.example.com/og.jpg' }).includes('ogImage'));
+  });
+  it('detects missing category', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, category: null }).includes('category'));
+  });
+  it('detects insufficient internal links', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, content: 'No links here' }).includes('internalLinks'));
+  });
+  it('detects placeholder content', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, content: 'placeholder <a href="/article/x">1</a><a href="/article/y">2</a>' }).includes('noPlaceholder'));
+  });
+  it('detects remote images', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, content: '<img src="https://example.com/img.jpg"/><a href="/article/x">1</a><a href="/article/y">2</a>' }).includes('noRemoteImages'));
+  });
+  it('detects missing sourceNotes', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, sourceNotes: null }).includes('sourceNotes'));
+  });
+  it('detects missing factCheckedAt', () => {
+    assert.ok(publishQualityIssues({ ...baseArticle, factCheckedAt: null }).includes('factChecked'));
+  });
+});
+
+describe('completeSeoData', () => {
+  it('fills all defaults from basic input', () => {
+    const result = completeSeoData({
+      slug: 'test-article',
+      title: 'Test Article Title That Is Long Enough',
+      summary: 'This is a summary of the article that should be used as meta description.',
+      content: 'Full article content goes here.',
+    });
+    assert.ok(result.metaDescription.length > 0);
+    assert.ok(result.canonicalPath.startsWith('/article/'));
+    assert.ok(result.ogImage.startsWith('/images/og/'));
+    assert.ok(result.ogTitle.includes('تکنـاو'));
+    assert.ok(result.keywords.length > 0);
+    assert.ok(result.factCheckedAt instanceof Date);
+    assert.ok(result.dateModified instanceof Date);
+    assert.equal(result.contentFreshnessStatus, 'current');
+  });
+
+  it('preserves provided values', () => {
+    const date = new Date('2025-01-01');
+    const result = completeSeoData({
+      slug: 'test',
+      title: 'Test',
+      summary: 'Summary',
+      content: 'Content',
+      metaDescription: 'Custom description that is long enough for meta purposes here',
+      ogTitle: 'Custom OG Title',
+      ogImage: '/custom/image.jpg',
+      canonicalPath: '/article/custom',
+      sourceNotes: 'Custom notes',
+      factCheckedAt: date,
+      dateModified: date,
+      contentFreshnessStatus: 'stale',
+    });
+    assert.equal(result.metaDescription, 'Custom description that is long enough for meta purposes here');
+    assert.equal(result.ogTitle, 'Custom OG Title');
+    assert.equal(result.ogImage, '/custom/image.jpg');
+    assert.equal(result.canonicalPath, '/article/custom');
+    assert.equal(result.sourceNotes, 'Custom notes');
+    assert.deepEqual(result.factCheckedAt, date);
+    assert.equal(result.contentFreshnessStatus, 'stale');
+  });
+
+  it('generates keywords from category and tags', () => {
+    const result = completeSeoData({
+      slug: 'test',
+      title: 'AI Article',
+      summary: 'Summary',
+      content: 'Content',
+      type: 'تحلیل عمیق',
+      category: { slug: 'ai', name: 'هوش مصنوعی' },
+      tags: ['machine-learning', 'deep-learning'],
+    });
+    assert.ok(result.keywords.includes('هوش مصنوعی'));
+    assert.ok(result.keywords.includes('ai'));
+    assert.ok(result.keywords.includes('machine-learning'));
+  });
+
+  it('limits keywords to 12', () => {
+    const result = completeSeoData({
+      slug: 'test',
+      title: 'Title',
+      summary: 'Summary',
+      content: 'Content',
+      tags: Array.from({ length: 20 }, (_, i) => `tag-${i}`),
+    });
+    assert.ok(result.keywords.length <= 12);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('normalizeFa', () => {
+  it('strips ZWNJ', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('می\u200cروم'), 'میروم');
+  });
+  it('strips Arabic tatweel and normalizes ي', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('ج\u0640ميل'), 'جمیل');
+  });
+  it('strips Arabic diacritics', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('كِتَابٌ'), 'کتاب');
+  });
+  it('normalizes Arabic ي and ى to Persian ی', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('يوسف'), 'یوسف');
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('موسي'), 'موسی');
+  });
+  it('normalizes Arabic ك to Persian ک', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('كتاب'), 'کتاب');
+  });
+  it('normalizes alef variants to plain ا', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('أحمد'), 'احمد');
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('إبراهيم'), 'ابراهیم');
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('آرام'), 'ارام');
+  });
+  it('collapses whitespace, trims, lowercases', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa('  Hello   World  '), 'hello world');
+  });
+  it('handles empty string', () => {
+    assert.equal(normalizeFa(''), '');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('computeStreak', () => {
+  const makeDate = (daysAgo) => {
+    const d = new Date();
+    d.setHours(12, 0, 0, 0);
+    d.setDate(d.getDate() - daysAgo);
+    return d;
+  };
+
+  it('returns 1 when no previous read', () => {
+    assert.equal(computeStreak(0, null, new Date()), 1);
+  });
+  it('increments streak when last read was yesterday', () => {
+    assert.equal(computeStreak(5, makeDate(1), new Date()), 6);
+  });
+  it('resets to 1 when gap > 1 day', () => {
+    assert.equal(computeStreak(10, makeDate(3), new Date()), 1);
+  });
+  it('keeps streak when same day', () => {
+    assert.equal(computeStreak(7, new Date(), new Date()), 7);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('currentStreakIfAlive', () => {
+  const makeDate = (daysAgo) => {
+    const d = new Date();
+    d.setHours(12, 0, 0, 0);
+    d.setDate(d.getDate() - daysAgo);
+    return d;
+  };
+
+  it('returns 0 when no previous read', () => {
+    assert.equal(currentStreakIfAlive(5, null, new Date()), 0);
+  });
+  it('returns streak when last read today', () => {
+    assert.equal(currentStreakIfAlive(7, new Date(), new Date()), 7);
+  });
+  it('returns streak when last read yesterday', () => {
+    assert.equal(currentStreakIfAlive(5, makeDate(1), new Date()), 5);
+  });
+  it('returns 0 when gap > 1 day', () => {
+    assert.equal(currentStreakIfAlive(10, makeDate(3), new Date()), 0);
+  });
+});